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Scientific Instruments and their Purpose
Scientific Instruments Purpose
Altimeter measure altitudes (Used in aircraft)
Ammeter measure strength of electric current
Anemometer measure force and velocity or wind and directions
Audiometer measure intensity of sound
Balometer Measures heat radiation
Barograph record continuously the atmospheric pressure
Barometer measure atmospheric pressure
Binoculars view distant objects
Bolometer measure heat radiation
Callipers measure inner and outer diameters of bodies
Calorimeter measure quantities of heat
Cardiogram(ECG) trace movements of the heart ; recorded on a Cardiograph
Cathetometer determine heights, measurement of levels, etc, in scientific experiments
Chronometer determine longitude of a vessel at sea
Colorimeter compare intensity of colours
Commutator change / reverse the direction of electric current; Also used to convert AC into DC
Cryometer measure very low temperatures, usually close to 0 C
Dilatometer measure changed in volume of substances
Dyanamo convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
Dynamometer measure electrical power
Electroencephalograph (EEC) Records and interprets the electrical waves of the brain recorded on electroencephalograms
Electroencephalograph (EEC) record and interprets the electrical waves of the
Electrometer measure very small but potential difference in electric currents
Electroscope detect presence of an electric Charge
Eletromicroscope obtain a magnifying view of very small objects capable of magnifying up to 20,000 times
Endoscope examine internal parts of the body
Fathometer measure depth of the flux
Fluxmeter measure magnetic flux
Galvanometer measure electric current
Hydrometer measure the relative density of liquids
Hydrophone measure sound under water
Hygrometer measure level of humidity
Hygroscope show the changes in atmospheric humidity
Hymograph record graphically physiological movement. (e.g.
Hypsometer determine boiling point of liquids
Lactometer measure the relative density of milk to determine purity
Machmeter determine the speed of an aircraft in terms if the speed of sound
Magnometer compare magnetic movement and fields
Manometer measure the pressure of gases
Micrometer convert sound waves into electrical vibrations
Microphone measure distances /angles
Microscope obtain a magnified view of small objects
Nephetometer measure the scattering of light by particles suspended in a liquid
Ohmmeter measures electrical resistance in objects
Ondometer measure the frequency if electromagnetic waves, especially in the radio-frequency band
Periscope view objects above sea level (Used in submarines)
Photometer compare the luminous intensity of the source of light
Polygraph record change in physiological processes such as heartbeat, blood pressure.
Pyknometer determine the density and coefficient of expansion of liquids
Pyrometer measure very high temperature
Pytheliometer Measures components of solar radiation
Quadrant measure altitudes and angles in navigation and astronomy
Radar detect the direction and ranges of an approaching aeroplane by means of radiowaves, ( Radio, Angle ,Detection and Range )
Radio Micrometer measure heat radiation
Refractometer measure salinity of solutions
Resistance Thermometer An accurate type of thermometer in which temperature is measured by determining the electrical resistance of a coil of thin wire
Salinometer Determines salinity of solutions
Sextant by navigators to find the latitude of place by measuring the elevation above the horizon of the sun or another star; also used to measure the height of very distant objects
Spectrometer measure the position of spectral lines (Measure of Refractive indices)
Spherometer measure curvature of spherical objects
Sphygmomanometer Measures blood pressure
Stroboscope To view rapidly moving objective
Tacheometer Used to measure distances, elevations and bearings during survey
Tachometer determine speed, especially the rotational speed of a shaft (Used in aeroplanes and motor-boats)
Tangent galvanometer measure the strength of direct current
Telemeter record physical happenings at a distant place
Teleprinter receive and send typed messages from one place to another
Telescope view distant objects in space
Theodolite Measures horizontal and vertical angles
Thermometer measure Temperature
Thermostat regulate temperature at a particular point
Tonometer measure the pitch of a sound
Transponder receive a signal and transmit a reply immediately
Udometer gauge rain.
Ultrasonoscope measure and use ultrasonic sound (beyond hearing use to make a Ecogram to detect brain tumours, heart defects and abnormal growth
Venturimeter measure the rate of flow of liquids
Vernier measure Small sub-division of scale
Viscometer measure the viscosity of liquid
Voltmeter measure electric potential difference between two points
Wattmeter measure the power of an electric circuit
Wavemeter measure the wavelength of a radiowave

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